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How to Understand the Waterproof Rating of a Jacket?
As a core piece of outdoor gear, the waterproof performance of a jacket directly impacts the comfort and safety of the wearer in harsh weather conditions. However, for most consumers, the waterproof ratings (e.g., 5000mm, 10000mm) can be confusing. This article will comprehensively explain the meaning of the waterproof rating, testing methods, and how to choose the right product based on your needs.
What is the Waterproof Rating of a Jacket?
The waterproof rating (Waterproof Rating) is a professional indicator that measures the fabric’s resistance to water pressure, expressed in millimeters of water column (mm H₂O). This value represents the amount of water pressure that the fabric can withstand before water begins to seep through.
Testing Process: A fabric sample is fixed in a testing device, and increasing water pressure is applied from above. The water pressure at which the third drop of water penetrates the fabric is recorded as the waterproof rating. For example, a 10000mm waterproof rating means that the fabric can withstand the pressure of a 10-meter column of water without leaking.
Waterproof Rating Levels and Corresponding Usage Scenarios
| Waterproof Rating (mm) | Water Resistance | Suitable Scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| 0-1,500 | Basic water resistance | Daily urban wear |
| 1,500-5,000 | Light rain | Urban commuting, light hiking |
| 5,000-10,000 | Moderate to heavy rain | Mountaineering, hiking, cycling |
| 10,000-20,000 | Heavy rain | Professional mountaineering, harsh weather |
| 20,000+ | Extreme water resistance | Professional exploration, extreme environments |
How to Interpret the Waterproof Rating?
- Daily Use: A rating of 3000-5000mm is sufficient for light rain and short exposure to rain.
- Outdoor Activities: It is recommended to choose products with a rating of 5000-10000mm.
- Professional Mountaineering: High-performance products with a rating of 10000mm or more are necessary.
- Extreme Environments: For professional exploration, choose jackets with a rating of 20000mm or higher.
It’s important to note that the waterproof rating is not the only consideration. Breathability rating (MVTR, Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate) is equally important. This measures how much water vapor the fabric can release (g/m²/24h). Ideally, waterproof and breathability performance should be balanced.
Other Factors Affecting Waterproof Performance
- Seam Taping: Even if the fabric is waterproof, the seams must be specially treated to prevent leaks.
- Waterproof Zippers: Ordinary zippers are weak points for water penetration.
- DWR Coating: Durable Water Repellent treatment helps water beads roll off the fabric rather than soaking in.
- Use and Maintenance: Improper cleaning can damage the waterproof coating.
Popular Waterproof Technologies Explained
- GORE-TEX: The gold standard, with various series designed for different needs.
- eVent: Focuses on breathability, using direct venting technology.
- Dry.Q: Emphasizes lightweight design and high breathability.
- Pertex Shield: Balances performance and price.
- In-house Technologies: Such as The North Face’s Futurelight, Patagonia’s H2No, etc.
Purchase Suggestions
- Don’t blindly pursue the highest rating: Choose based on actual needs. A higher rating may compromise breathability and increase cost.
- Pay attention to overall design: Details such as a waterproof hood and adjustable cuffs are also important.
- Consider layering systems: In extremely cold environments, jackets are typically used as an outer layer.
- Budget allocation: Professional-level jackets are more expensive, but for daily use, mid-range products are sufficient.
Maintenance Tips
- Use specialized cleaning agents.
- Avoid frequent machine washing.
- Regularly restore the DWR coating.
- Dry in a shaded area to avoid direct sunlight.
- Avoid using fabric softeners.
Remember: There is no such thing as a permanently waterproof jacket. All waterproof fabrics lose performance over time due to use and wear. Regular maintenance and timely replacement are key to maintaining waterproof performance.
By understanding the true meaning of the waterproof rating, you’ll be able to make more informed purchasing decisions and choose the jacket that best suits your needs, making outdoor activities safer and more comfortable.
